As carbon emissions change the chemistry of the seas, ocean acidification threatens marine life and human livelihoods. How worried should you be about climate change’s so-called “evil twin”?

This video explains how carbon markets use cap and trade systems to limit emissions, create economic incentives for polluters to reduce their carbon output, and support a more efficient transition to clean energy.

This paper explores how carbon pricing works, its real-world impact on emissions and economies, and what its future looks like as countries scale up climate action. It examines both successes and shortcomings of existing systems and outlines key strategies for making carbon markets more effective and equitable.